Carbureter for internal-combustion engines



G.-F. TROTTER. CARBURETER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED APR.20. 1918 1,377,529; Patented May 10,1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET l.

e. F. TROTTER. CARBURETER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION Hm) APR.20, 1918.

Patented May 10, 1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2- G. F. TROTTER.

CARB U RETER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES. APPLICATION FILED APR.20\ I918 1,377,529., Patented May 10,1921.

3 SHEETS-SHEU 3- M57765 In'mnior pensive construction for gasifying liquid GEORGE E. TROTTER, or DES MOINES, IOWA.

QCARIBURETER FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION nivoiivns.

' Application filed ii rii 20, 191 Serial m5. 229,857. 5

To all who in it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE F. TROTTER, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Des Moines, in the county of Polk and State of Iowa, have invented a certain new. and

useful Carbureter for Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The objects of. my inventionare to provide a device ofsimple, durableand inexfuel, such as kerosene, by the applicationof heat from the internal Combustion engine, and to convert .the liquid fuel into gas. in measured quantities to meet the require- I ments of the engine to. which it is applied A further object isto provide a device'of this class in which the quantity of kerosene or'the like that is being brought into position to be gasified by the heat, is accurately determined by therequirements ofthe engine, and drawn into theheating element by suction from the intakeports of theengine, and also in this connection to provide'me'ans whereby: any of the liquid fuel that is not gasified will not enter the engine cylinders but will remainin the gas forming elements to be later gasified or vaporized by the hot,

gases passing through these elements to the intake ports of the engine. A further object is to provide in a device of thekind mentioned,--me ans whereby a fuel may be heated and vaporized or gasified, and whereby thereafter a supply of air may be mixed: with saidfuel and the mix-' ture supplied to the explosive. chambers of an engine.

vice of this class especially designedto co-- act with the starting or priming device that employs a highly volatile liquid. fuel, such for instance as gasolene, and in this connecbureter for use in starting the engine and tion it is my obj ectto provide such a prime ing device of simple, durable and inexpene sive construction, to coact with the carrunning it until its exhaust heat is produced in sufiicient quantities for gasifying kero sene orthelike. V f y Myfnvention consists in the construction,

of the kerosene gasifying device and their particular adaptation. to the gasolene prim: ing device, and 'also in -the construction of the gasolene prim-ing device and its specific combination with the kerosene gasifying de- Still a further-object is to provide a de' vice, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as here nafter more fully set forth,

proved carbureting device applied thereto.

Fig. 2 shows a vertical, sectional .view through the combined-mixing chamber and gasolene primingchamber.

Fig. fishows atop or plan view partly n section, to illustrate the priming device. Fig. shows a detail, perspective view illustrating the kerosene spraying chamber, the gasifying pipes leading from it, and the gas receiv ng chamber communicating with the said pipes, the wall of the heating chamber beingremoved. V I y 1 Fig. 5 shows adetail, sectional View; illustrat ng the valve and nozzle through which air is sucked bythe exhaust of the engine to spray the kerosene. I

Fig. 6 shows-an enlarged, detail, sectional view llustrating the .kerosene regulating needle valve.

Fig. shows a detail, horizontal, sectional view illustrating the kerosene spraying chamber with portions of the kerosene gasolene I: Specification of. Letters Patent. P t nt d M 10 1921.

of same,

gasifying pipes leading therefrom'and also the kerosene "supply needle valve and the .Iha've used the reference numeral 10 to in- I dicate that part of theinternal combustion engine shown. 11 indicates an intake manifold for the engine, and 12 indicates the terminals of the exhaust manifold communicatng with theengine cylinders. Each of theseterminals leads tothe exhaust manifold proper 13, which is enlarged to form a rectangular easing or heating chamber 14,

I provided on one side with the detachable sideplate 15. The exhaust manifoldopens into this heating chamber-14,as clearly shown in Fig.- 8. a

At one end of the heating chamber 14 is the "kerosene spraying chamber 16. A'

needle valve 17 for supplying kerosene is ntroduced into one side of thisspraying chamber, and communicates with a kerosene supply pipe 18 which is provided with a cutoff valve 19, said valve being controlled by a rod 20 which is extended to a point conveniently accessible to the operator. The needle valve is provided on its stem with an arm 21, which aim is connected to a rod 22..

This rod 22 is operated upon the rotation of the shaft 23 through the instrumentality of the arm 24 fixed to said shaft and connected to the rod22. This shaft 23 is rotated by means of an upright shaft 25 mounted on a suitable support and connected by a univer- Sal joint 26 with the shaft 23. This upright shaft'25 is rotated by means of a rod 27 which is arranged conveniently accessible to the operator, and is the ordinary throttle valve control rod.

' Arranged in the spraying chamber 16 is a device for spraying the liquid kerosene, comprising a nozzle 28 communicating with a valve chamber 29 in which there is a normally spring-closed valve 30, the chamber 5 being provided 011 one side with inlet ports 31, and the spring 32 is provided for normally seating the valve.

In the operation ofthis part of the device, when a partial vacuum is created inside of the spraying chamber 16 by the suction of 1 ranged directly adjacent to the kerosene needle valve 17,- as shown in Fig. 7, so that the kerosene at the tip of said valve is sprayed throughout the interior of the spraying chamber 16.

Communicating with this spraying chamber 16 are four independent heating coils. That is to say, one end of each heating coil communicates with the spraying chamber. These ends of the coils are indicated by the numeral 33. The body portion 34 of each coil is arranged within the heating chamber 14, and the other end 35 of each coil is arranged in communication with the gas chamber 36. This gas chamber 36 communicates with a pipe37 leading to the combined mixing chamber and priming device.

This mixing chamber and priming device comprises a casing indicated generally by the numeral 38. Near the central portion of this casing is a valve seat 39, and a valve 40 is mounted on said seat and normally held in closed position by a spring 41. On the inlet side of the valve is a port 42 in which there is arranged a butterfly valve 43,

i and on the opposite side or" the said valve is the port 44 which receives the gas pipe 37. Arranged at the side of the casing 38 is a needle valve 45 for controlling a passage 46 which communicates with the interior of the casing 38 at thepoint where the valve 40 is in engagement with its valve seat. The passage 46 communicates with a gasolene supply pipe 47, which pipe is provided with 45. The valve 45 is opened and the engine is cranked and suction created-in the intake manifold. This suction will open the valve '40 against its spring, and permit a rapid flow of air through the casing 38, and this will take, up and vaporizethe gasolene entering through the passage 46 and conduct it'into the engine cylinderswhere it isignited in the ordinary way.

After the engine has run for a short period of time on gasolene in this manner, the exhaust from the engine enters the heating chamber 14 and the heat becomes sufficiently intense to bring the heating coils to a red heat. Then the operator'closes' the gasolene valve 48 and opens the kerosene valve 19, whereupon a supply of kerosene enters the port controlled by the kerosene needle valve 17. The continued suction of the engine draws an air blast through the nozzle 28 and sprays the kerosene into the interior of the spraying chamber 16. The vaporized kerosene thus produced is drawn by suction through the heating coils and returned to the gas chamber 36, from which it flows ghpgugh the pipe 37 into the intake mani- It has been demonstrated in practice that the amount of heat supplied'to'the heating coils is suflicient to thoroughly gasify the kerosene entering the intake manifold during ordinary running conditions of the internal combustion engine. It has also" been demonstrated that by. novel. arrangement and combination of parts, the amount of gas thus produced is accurately proportioned to the requirements of the engine under all ordinary conditions, and that the gas entering the engine is extremely hot andin condition for most efficient ignition and rapid consumption within the engine cylinders. The amount of gas being supplied to the engine is at all times instantly controllable by a manipulation of the throttling rod.

One of the advantageous featuresof my invention is that under normal conditions a fixed gas is produced and is supplied to the engine ina hot condition and in measured quantities. However, under unusual conditions and in theevent that kerosene vapor or liquid kerosene should enter the heating pipes or the mixing chamber 38, it will not enter the engine in liquid or vapor form, but will be retained in theheating pipes, and when; the engine has againstarted to work under normal conditions, the heated gases will again gasify, or at least; vaporize, the kerosene andprevent the, same from entering the engine in liquid form, which is objectionable so far as the engine lubrication is concerned. a 1 a I have found that it. is advisable to use a pluralityof coils, as herein shown andde scribed, instead ofusinga single long coil. A] single .coil long enough to make the proper-heatingofthe fuel under all conditions certain, makes too long a path for the travel of the fuel, and I have found that the plurality of coils makes it possible to suffi; ciently and thoroughly heat the fuel without reducing .too much its speed of travel throughthe coils. 3 .1

Another advantageous feature of the structure of'my device arises from the use of the mechanism whereby the throttle valve and the kerosenecontrol ,valve are simultaneously controlled .by the operation of a single lever or rod. Thus when the throttle valve is opened to subject the kerosene nozzle and the air mixing device to the suction of the engine, the kerosene control valve is simultaneously opened, and in the same way when the throttle valve is closed the kerosene control valve is closed.

One of the important features of my invention is the provision of means for thorvoughly heating and gasifying, or at least vaporizing, the fuel with the admixture of.

a comparatively small amount of air, and the subsequent addition or admixture of a larger amount of air to the heated fuel.

Under ordinary conditions the fuel is gasi-' fied, and thereafter the addition of cold air will not again reduce the fuel to liquid form.

There is an important advantage in thus heating the fuel first and afterward adding the cool air.

the cool air is thus added to the fuel which has been gasified, the air has no important effect on the fuel, except to cool it, and it does not again condense the fuel; and even where the fuel has been simply vaporized,

I find that there is no substantialcondensa- I j Y i for introducing heat from an internal combustion en ine into the heating chamber, a

tion of the fuel in a device of this kind.

I claim as my invention: f. 1. In a device of the class described, the combination of a heating chamber, means for introducing heat from an internal combustion engine into the heating chamber, a

spraying chamber adjacent to the heating chamber, a gas chamber adjacent to the If the air is mixed with the. fuel at the time of heating, it will be seen spraying chamber, and designed to communicate with the inlet manifold of a an, engine, a pipe communicating ,at one end with the spraying chamber, and having-itsbody portion extended through the said heating chamber, and 'having'its other end communicating with "the said gas chamber, and Y means for introducing fuel such as kerosene intothe spraying chamben; a 2. Ina device of theclass described, the combination of a heating chamber, means forintroducing heat from an internal combustionengine into the heating chamber, a spraying chamber adjacent to the heating chamber, a gas chamber adjacent to the spraying chamber, and designed to communicate with the inlet manifold of an engine, a pipecommunicating at one end withthe sprayingchamben and having its body port oni extended through the said. heating chamber, and having its otherend communicating with the said gaschamber, and means for introducing fuel such as kerosene into I the spraying chamber, said means; including a valve arranged for manual adjustment, a nozzle adjacent to the valve, one end of the nozzle being open to the air, and a springclosed valve within the'nozzle, whereby the suction from the engine through the gas pipe will cause a spray to pass throu h said nozzle and over the kerosene valve, or the purposes stated. I p

3.'In a device of the class described, the combination of a heating chamber, means for introducing heat from an internal combustion engine into the heating chamber, a spraying chamber adjacent to the heating chamber, a gas chamber adjacent to the spraying chamber, and designed to communlcate with the inlet manifold of an engine, a pipe communicating at one end with the spraying chamber, and having its body portion extended through the said heating chamber, and having its other end communicating with the said gas chamber, means for introducing fuel such. as kerosene into the spraying chamber, a mixing chamber communicating with the gas pipe, an intake manifold communicating with one end of the chamber, a valve seat within the chamber, a

spring-closed valve on said seat, said valve,

chamber being provided with an openingon the side of the valve chamber opposite the intake manifold, and. means for regulating the passage of air through said opening.

4. In a device of theclass described, the

combination of a heating chamber, means spraying c amber adjacent to the heating 1 chamber, a gas chamber adjacent to the spraying'chamber, and designed to commution extended through the said heating chamber, and having its other'end communicating with the said gas chamber, means for introducing fuel such as kerosene into the spraying chamber, a mixing chamber com municating with the gas pipe, an intake manifold communicating with one end of the chamber, a valve seat within the chamher, a spring-closed valve on said seat, said Valve chamber being provided with an opening on the side of the valve chamber opposite the intake manifold, and means for regulating the passage of air through said opening, said gas pipe being introduced into said mixing chamber between the valve therein and the intake manifold. i

5. In adevice of the class described, the combination of a gasifying chamber, and a combined mixing chamber and priming device comprising a casing, a valve seat within the casing, a spring-closed valve on the valve seat, an intake manifold communicating with one end of the casing, said casing havlng an air inlet opening on'the side of the valve introduced into said casing adjacent to the valve seat. 7

6. In a device of the class described, the combination of a gasifying chamber, and a combined mixing chamber and priming device comprising a casing, a'valve seat within the casing, a spring-closed valve on the valve seat, an intake manifold communicating with one end of the casing, said casing having an air inlet opening on the side of the valve opposite the intake manifold, said casing also having an opening to receive said gas pipe on the side of the valve adjacent the intake manifold, and a gasolene priming valve introduced into said casing adjacent to the valve seat, said gasolene inlet valve opening being normally closed bysaid valve when seated.

Des Moines, Iowa, April 11, 1918.

GEORGE F. TROTTER. 

